I was reading
Clive Shepherd's - Clive on Learning blog this week and have a few reflections on what he has written. Clive on Learning is primarily about providing training in the business sector so has slightly different priorities to those of learning techs in the education sector but in his series of visions I think he made some valid point that I think are worth considering for university students as well.
Vision 2 - economical learning
"time spent learning could have been
used productively elsewhere"
I think this is particularly relevant to the kind of ungraded e-learning content that I am working on providing. Students, many of whom also work, will always have course work or assessments to do which are a graded part of their course so why would they spend time doing other activities? If they are going to complete an exercise that is not graded they need to know how and why it is relevant to a course of study that they are taking. I think the best way to do this is probably to tell them as part of the assessment. This assessment is designed to... etc.
Time is also important to students especially if they are juggling a course, a job and a family. In this respect I think it also important to tell students how long a task is going to take them, this should enable them to manage their time in a more efficient way. This probably falls under a topic I have written about before namely 'signposting' in an on-line environment this takes the place of the teacher as there is no one person who will physically give students this information. With learner time commitments in mind it is also very important that all questions are valid and worthwhile and adhere to the general principles of assessment.
“Adults expect to have control over
what they learn, when and where and will increasingly demand it. They
expect it because they have grown accustomed to finding whatever
information they need at the click of a mouse from Google, YouTube
and Wikipedia. Synchronous learning (that takes place with others, at
a specific time, perhaps in a virtual classroom) can be powerful, but
it is certainly not flexible. It means you have have to compromise on
when you learn in order to suit others. Similarly, face-to-face
learning can add a great deal of value when used for the right
purposes, but is highly inflexible. Being face-to-face means you have
to compromise on where you learn in order to suit others.”
I don't really have any comments on this other than to say that this is what I am aiming to do and think it will become more and more relevant as the next generation of students who have been exposed to google, YouTube and Wikipedia for their whole lives come through into higher education and consequently bring with them a higher set of expectations relating to the technology they expect from their learning institutions.
"Engaging the learner is about getting
the elephant on board. While the rider may be engaged by the
long-term benefits of a learning activity or an intellectual
curiosity, the elephant is much more interested in what’s in it for
him right now." In this example the elephant is the intellect and the rider is the learner.
Clear goals, immediate feedback and a sense of control are some of the things which Clive suggests are a way of making learning engaging for adult learners and I whole heartedly agree. The sense of control in some ways come from the goals and the feedback, for example including links to information relating to the questions so students can find the answers to wrong questions rather than just showing right or wrong answers. In addition showing learners what they will gain from an activity, particularly a voluntary one, allows them to plan and direct their own learning and gives them a sense of control. Clive also suggests that "the elephant may also be motivated by a
challenge - perhaps a game which involves some form of competition.
Humour may also do the trick, or just plain novelty." In addition to that I would also (as you have probably worked out by now) suggest that something pleasing to look at and easy to use is also a good way, if not to motivate the elephant, to keep the elephant engaged while working through a boring or challenging subject.